Shaft-governor.



2 Sheets$heet L P atented Oct. 2, I900.

c. o. HEGGEM.

SHAFT GOVERNOR.

Application filed May 15, 18,99.)

(No Model.)

No. 658,775. Patented Oct. 2, I900.

C. O. HEGGEM. SHAFT GOVERNOR.

(Application filed May 15, 1699.)

2 Sheets-Sheat 2.

(No Modal J w/rmsla r myi/fio/f firm/mar.

a: Mom-us PETERS cc. FNOTCHJTMQ, WA5K\NGTON, n. c.

U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

i CHARLES 0. HEGGEM, OF MASSILLON, OHIO.

SHAFT-GOVERNOR' SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 658,77 5, dated October 2, 1900.

Application filed May 15, 1899. Serial No. 716,824. (No model.)

To all whom, it ntcty concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES O. HEGGEM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Massillon,in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shaft-Governors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in shaft-governors for engines. 4

The general object of this invention is to provide a shaft-governor construction which will properly operate to regulate the intake of steam when the engine is running either backward or forward.

Another object of this invention is to provide suitable mechanism for shifting the slidevalve of an engine to readily re verse the movement of the engine,thus making myimproved governor mechanism particularly applicable to traction-engines.

My invention also relates to an improved arrangement of shaftgovernor whereby it may be entirely housed and the housing supplied with a sufficientquantit-y of oil to constantly flood the operating parts of the governor.

,My invention also relates to details of construction and arrangement hereinafter appearing, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, on which like reference-characters indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a sectional end elevation of my improved shaft-governor, the section being taken on the line y y of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a longitudinal sectional view on the line aozcof Fig. 1, looking in thedirection of the arrows; Fig. 3, an end elevation of my improved governor mechanism, showing the manner of mounting it upon an engine-boiler and the mechanism for operating it for reversing the engine; Fig. 4:, a detail plan View of the governor mechanism, together with the reversing mechanism, for operating said governor. Fig. 5'is a diagram showing the initial position of the slide-valve when the governor mechanism is in a position for the engine to travel in one direction; and Fig. 6 is a similar view to Fig. 5, showing the position of use in connection with stationary engines or other engines where the-operating parts are designed to always move in the same direction. With my invention, however, I am enabled to reverse the operating parts of the engine in a manner hereinafter appearing.

The letter A represents the main drivingshaft of the engine, upon which is mounted myimprovedgovernor. 'Ihisshaft-governoris preferably inclosed Within a housing or casing consisting of two parts 13 and O, the latter of which carries a hub D and which is secured to the part B by means of screws For in any other suitable manner. This casing is loosely mounted upon the shaft A and is held in position by means of collars F and G, respectively secured to the shaft A in any suitable' manner. The parts B and O fit so snugly together that oil may be placed between them in order that the working parts of the governor may be flooded with oil. By referring particularly to Figs. 2 and 4 it will be seen that the hub D has a helical slot H therein. The sleeve I projects within the hub D and has secured'therein a stud J, which carries a roller K within the slot H. This sleeve is secured to the shaft by means of a key L, whereby it is prevented from rotating independently of the shaft, but may be slid longitudinally back and forth thereon. This longitudinal movement of the sleeve I is accomplished by means presently to be described.

Referring now to the operating parts of the g0vernor,it will be observed that said part B of the casing or housing carries a shaft M. To the inner end of this shaft is secured an elliptical ring 0, while the outer end of said shaft has rigidly mounted thereon an eccentric P. This eccentric is held in position upon the shaft M by means of a nut Q and washer R, the latter being interposed between the eccentric and nut. .To the elliptical ring 0, which constitutes a lever, is pivoted one end of a pair of links-S, as shown at T in Fig. 1. The other ends of these links are pivoted to the respective ends of weights U and V, as shown at W. These weights are Ioo pivoted upon studs X and Y, respectively, such studs projecting from the casing or housing. In order to regulate these governorweights so that they will not act to cut the steam off before a predetermined speed has been reached, a spring 2, which is connected at one end to a stud or projection 3 from the elongated ring or leverO, while the other end is connected with a screw 4, which may be adjusted to regulate the tension of said spring, is provided. This will normally act to hold the elongated ring or lever O in its full-line position, as indicated in Fig. 1, butyet yields to permit the ring to be operated to its dotted-line position, as also shown in Fig. 1, by means of the governorweights in a manner hereinafter appearing, the tension of the spring permitting such weights to operate the ring or lever 0 more or less easily, as desired. Referring again to the sleeve I, it will be seen that it has a flange orextensiou 5, within which is formed a groove 6, as clearly seen in Fig. 2. In this groove is mounted a ring 7, carrying studs 8 diametrically opposite each other. This ring fits loosely within said groove, but at the same time is adapted to shift the sleeve I longitudinally in either direction when operated upon by the bell-crank lever 9, one end of which engages the pins 8. This bell-crank lever is pivoted upon a stud 10, carried by a standard 11, supported by the engine-boiler 12 or in any other suitable manner. The other end of the bell-crank lever is pivotally connected with one end of a crank 12, while the other end of said rod is connected with the lower end of the hand lever 13, such hand-lever being held in position by means of a pivoted detent 14, adapted to engage with the notched segment 15.

Let us suppose that the lever 13 is thrown to its dotted forward position, as indicated in Fig. 3. This will cause the rod 12 to operate the bell-crank lever 9 from its full-line position to its dotted position, as shown in Fig. 1. Such movement will slide the sleeve I upon the shaft A, and consequently by reason of the action of the roller K in the helical slot H the governor housing or casing will be partially rotated. This will cause the eccentric P to also partially rotate, and since this eccentric has mounted upon it a strap 16, which is connected with the slide-valve 17, as indicated in the diagrams in Figs. 4 and 5, the position of such slide-valves will be changed. By shifting the lever 13 to its dotted position, as shown in Fig. 3, the slidevalve 1'7 will be thrown to another initial position, whereby the steam may initially enter first against one end of the piston to drive the engine in one direction and when shifted in the opposite direction will be initially admitted to the opposite end of the piston to drive the engine in the opposite direction. We have now described the manner in which the direction of the movement of the engine is controlled. We will next refer to the manner in which the fluctuations of the speed is regulated. As above described,the governorweights are connected to the elongated ring 0, and consequently as the speed of the engine increases above the predetermined amount, such amount being determined by the pressure of the spring 2, they will fly outward more, or less, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. This action of the weights will cause said elongated ring or lever to assume the dotted position, as also indicated in Fig. 1, thus partially rotating the shaft M and through it the eccentric P, the latter acting upon the strap 10 and slide 17, so that the slide will cut off the steam-inlet port quicker than it would be acted upon by the normal speed of the engine, it being understood that every time the governor-casing rotates the inlet-ports of the engine are alternately opened and closed, as illustrated in diagrams; but by reason of the partial rotation of the eccentric, due to the action of the governor-weights, the cutting off of the ports will be much more rapid than where it depended alone upon the rotation of the eccentric at the speed of the driving shaft. The instant, however, the speed slackens, due to such cutting 0d of the steam from the cylinder, the spring 2 will return the elongated ring or lever to its normal position, and thereby partially rotate the cocentric P back to its normal position. In this manner the slightest fluctuations of speed are at once controlled and the steam is more or less cut olf, according to the speed of the engine. As long as the speed of the engine remains normal then the slide-valves will open and close each inlet-port and keep them open their normal amount; but the instant the speed increases above the normal the slide is momentarily advanced with a greater velocity than that given to it by the rotation of the driving-shaft, so that the inlet of the steam is at once checked or partially checked, and consequently the driving power is less ened. This same operation will take place no matter in which direction the engine is running, so that the same shaft-governor will operate to control the steam admitted to the cylinder no matter whether the engine is running backward or forward, such backwardand-forward movement of the engine being accomplished by manipulating the reversinglever, as above described.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an improved governor forengines, the combination with a shaft, of a governor-casing loosely mounted thereon, governor means for engaging with said casing to rotate it with said shaft and to also partially rotate it on said shaft, and other means for connecting the inlet-valve with said casing whereby the pressure medium may be more or less cut off as desired.

2. In an improved governor forengines, the combination with a rotatable shaft, of a shell or casing rotatably mounted thereon, means for engaging with said shell or casing and with said shaft tocanse the casing to rotate with the shaft and partially rotate on the shaft, a shaft carried by said shell or casing, a lever engaging with one end of said shaft, governor-weights connected with said lever and adapted to operate it to partially rotate said casing-shaft, an eccentric mounted on the outer end of said casing-shaft and adapted to be partially rotated thereby, and a strap adapted to operate a slide-valve mounted on said eccentric, substantially as shown and described.

3. In an improved governor for engines, the combination with a rotatable casing loosely mounted on a main shaft, of one or more governor-weights pivotally mounted therein, a shaft carried by said casing parallel to said main shaft, a lever connected with said casing-shaft and adapted to be operated by said governor-weights, means for connecting the other end of said casing-shaft with an inletvalve leading into an engine-cylinder and adapted to operate said valve to open or close theinlet-opening more or less according to the speed of the engine, and other means to engage with the main shaft and with said casing and adapted to partially rotate such casing on said main shaft, substantially as shown and described.

4. In an improved governor forengines, the combination with a shaft, of a casing rotatably mounted thereon, a non-rotatable sleeve sliding on said shaft, means for sliding said sleeve and holdingit in adjusted positions, astud carried by said sleeve, a roller mounted on said stud and projecting within a helical slot in said casing, whereby when the sleeve is moved longitudinally on its shaft said casing will partially rotate on said shaft and will also rotate with said shaft, a shaft carried by said casing, an elongated ring or lever fixed on the inner end of said shaft within said casing, a pair of pivoted weights also pivoted within said casing, a link for connecting the free ends of the respective weights with said lever, an eccentric mounted on the outerend of said shaft outside of said casing, a strap mounted upon said eccentric and adapted'to operate the inlet-valve of the engine, the partial rotation of said casing on its shaft operating to drive the engine either backward or forward while the partial rotation of said ec centric by governor-weights operates to vary the amount of pressure fluid taken into the engines, all substantially as shown and described.

5. In an improved governor for engines, the combination with a shaft, of a sleeve slidably mounted thereon, a collar adapted to engage with said sleeve carrying one or more studs or projections, a bell-crank lever engaging with said projections at one end and at its other end engaging with an operating-rod, a hand-operated lever connected with said rod and adapted to reciprocate it, a stud carried by said sleeve having a roller mounted thereon, said roller adapted to extend within a helical groove in-the casing whereby the casing is partially rotated on the shaft and whereby the casing is also made to rotate with the shaft, a shaft also carried by said casing, a lever engaging with the inner end of said shaft within said casing, a pair of pivoted weights within said casing, a pair of links connecting their respective weights with said lever, an eccentric mounted on the outer end of said casing-shaft and adapted to be partially rotated thereby, and a strap mounted on said eccentric and connecting with a fluid-admission valve, substantially as shown and described.

6. In an improved governor for engines, the combination with a shaft, of a casing rotatably mounted thereon and consisting of two parts, means for securing said parts together whereby'they will hold oil or other lubricating liquid, governor-weights carried within said casing, and means for connecting said governor-weights'with the pressure-fluid-admission valve, substantially as shown and described.

7. In an improved governor forengines,'the combination with a shaft, of a casing loosely mounted thereon said shell or casing consisting of two parts adapted to be screwed together, a hub or projection formed upon one of said parts having a helical groove therein, a sleeve slidably keyed upon said shaft, means carried by said sleeve for extending within said helical groove to partially rotate said casing uponsaid shaft and to also rotate said casing with said shaft, pivotally-mounted governor-weights carried within said casing, and means for connecting said weights with a pressure-fluid-inlet valve for an engine-cylinder, whereby the amount of said fluid is regulated, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES O. I-IEGGEM.

Witnesses:

IRVINE A. YosT, N. T. PEACOOK. 

